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In 1851, after the abolition of slavery, the life of Afro-Colombians was very difficult. Afro-Colombians were able to participate at all levels of military and political life. Historians note that three of every five soldiers in Simon Bolívar's army were African. Īfrican people played key roles in the struggle for independence from Spain. This is where Cimarrón leaders like Benkos Biohó and Barule fought for freedom. Some historians considered Chocó to be a very big palenque, with a large population of Cimarrones, especially in the areas of the Baudó River.
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Those who escaped from their oppressors would live in free Black African towns called Palenques, where they would live as " Cimarrones", or fugitives. In pre-abolition Colombian society, many Afro-Colombian captives fought the Spanish, their colonial forces and their freedom as soon as they arrived in Colombia. Other sectors of the Colombian economy, like tobacco, cotton, artisanship and domestic work would have been impossible without African labor. Emerald mines outside of Bogotá relied on African labourers. In eastern Colombia, near the cities of Vélez, Cúcuta, Socorro and Tunja, Africans manufactured textiles in commercial mills. The UNODOC reported 66% of the alluvial gold is illegally mined, with 42% of these illegal activities directly affecting Afro-Colombian communities. African workers pioneered the extraction of alluvial gold deposits and the growing of sugar cane in the areas that correspond to the modern day departments of Chocó, Antioquia, Cauca, Valle del Cauca, and Nariño in western Colombia. "A Gold-Washing Technique, Province of Barbacoas" by Manuel María Paz (1853).Īfrican slaves were forced to work in gold mines, on sugar cane plantations, cattle ranches, and large haciendas.